Modular forms and Donaldson invariants for 4-manifolds with $b_+=1$

Abstract

We study the Donaldson invariants of simply connected $4$-manifolds with $b_+=1$, and in particular the change of the invariants under wall-crossing. We assume the conjecture of Kotschick and Morgan about the shape of the wall-crossing terms (which Oszvath and Morgan are now able to prove), and are determine a generating function for the wall-crossing terms in terms of modular forms. As an application we determine all the Donaldson invariants of the projective plane in terms of modular forms. The main tool are the blowup formulas, which are used to obtain recursive relations.