Magnetic lensing of extremely high energy cosmic rays in a galactic wind

Abstract

We show that in the model of Galactic magnetic wind recently proposed to explain the extremely high energy (EHE) cosmic rays so far observed as originating from a single source (M87 in the Virgo cluster), the magnetic field strongly magnifies the fluxes and produces multiple images of the source. The apparent position on Earth of the principal image moves, for decreasing energies, towards the galactic south. It is typically amplified by an order of magnitude at $E/Z\sim 2\times 10^{20}$ eV, but becomes strongly demagnified below $10^{20}$ eV. At energies below $E/Z\sim 1.3\times 10^{20}$ eV, all events in the northern galactic hemisphere are due to secondary images, which have huge amplifications ($>10^2$). This model would imply strong asymmetries between the north and south galactic hemispheres, such as a (latitude dependent) upper cut-off value below $2\times 10^{20}$ eV for CR protons arriving to the south and lower fluxes in the south than in the north above $10^{20}$ eV. The large resulting magnifications reduce the power requirements on the source, but the model needs a significant tunning between the direction to the source and the symmetry axis of the wind. If more modest magnetic field strengths were assumed, a scenario in which the observed EHE events are heavier nuclei whose flux is strongly lensed becomes also plausible and would predict that a transition from a light composition to a heavier one could take place at the highest energies.