Galactic mass distribution without dark matter or modified Newtonian mechanics

Abstract

Given the dimensions (including thickness) of a galaxy, and its rotation profile, a method is shown that finds the mass and density distributions in the defined envelope that will cause that rotation profile with near-exact speed matches. Newton's law is unchanged. Surface-light intensity and dark matter are not needed. Results are presented in dimensionless plots allowing easy comparisons of galaxies. As compared with the previous version of this paper the methods are the same, but some data are presented in better dimensionless parameters, Also the part on thickness representation is simpified and extended, the contents are rearranged to have a logical buildup in the problem development, and more examples are added.