Binaries in the Hipparcos data: Keep digging

Abstract

Among the 120 000 objects in the Hipparcos catalogue, only 235 were fitted with an orbital model. Besides these 235 original astrometric binaries, most Hipparcos entries with a known spectroscopic orbit (extrasolar planet or stellar companion) have now been re-processed, as part of the on-going construction of the 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (SB9, available at http://sb9.astro.ulb.ac.be). The pitfalls and successes of this re-processing are discussed in various contexts, like (i) orbital inclinations: the holy grail for extrasolar planets (ii) searching for binaries without a priori knowledge of their spectroscopic orbital elements, and application to barium stars (iii) why not all SB9 entries yield acceptable astrometric solutions? The lessons learned from this study are useful to devise the best possible binary-detection and orbit-determination algorithms for future astrometric missions like GAIA.