Correlations between bright submillimetre sources and low-redshift galaxies

Abstract

We present evidence for a positive angular correlation between bright submillimetre sources and low-redshift galaxies. The study was conducted using 39 sources selected from 3 contiguous, flux-limited SCUBA surveys, cross-correlated with optical field galaxies with magnitudes R<23 (with a median redshift of z~0.5). We find that the angular distribution of submm sources is skewed towards overdensities in the galaxy population, consistent with 25+-12 per cent being associated with dense, low-redshift structure. The signal appears to be dominated by the brightest sources with a flux density S_850>10mJy. We conduct Monte-Carlo simulations of clustered submm populations, and find that the probability of obtaining these correlations by chance is less than 0.4 per cent. The results may suggest that a larger than expected fraction of submm sources lie at z~0.5. Alternatively, we argue that this signal is most likely caused by gravitational lensing bias, which may be entirely expected given the steep submm source counts. Implications for future submm surveys are discussed.