Oxygen and Iron Abundances in Nearby Galaxies Using Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
Abstract
We determined oxygen and iron abundances of the interstellar medium (ISM) using K-shell (O) and L-shell (Fe) X-ray photo-ionization edges towards Ultra luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). We determine the hydrogen column densities (nH) towards the ULXs from XMM-Newton archival spectra of 14 ULX sources. We compare our X-ray values with those obtained from radio HI observations for 8 of the sources. The X-ray model nH values are in good agreement with the HI nH values, implying that the hydrogen absorption towards the ULX is not local to the source, with the exception of M81 X-1. Oxygen abundances and iron abundances are roughly solar for the host galaxies.
Turn this paper into a full lesson
ArcXiv compiles a staged curriculum from this paper: 8-12 lessons across beginner → advanced, synthesised section guides, visuals, flashcards, a quiz, exercises, and on-demand deep dives per section. Grounded in the abstract, never invented.