The role of the LIRG and ULIRG phases in the evolution of Ks-selected galaxies
Abstract
We investigate the role of the luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG) and ultra-luminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) phases in the evolution of Ks-selected galaxies and, in particular, Extremely Red Galaxies (ERGs). With this aim, we compare the properties of a sample of 2905 Ks<21.5 (Vega mag) galaxies in the GOODS/CDFS with the sub-sample of those 696 sources which are detected at 24 microns. We find that LIRGs constitute 30% of the galaxies with stellar mass M>1x1011 Msun assembled at redshift z=0.5. A minimum of 65% of the galaxies with M>2.5x1011 Msun at z~2-3 are ULIRGs at those redshifts. 60% of the ULIRGs in our sample have the characteristic colours of ERGs. Conversely, 40% of the ERGs with stellar mass M>1.3x1011 Msun at 1.5<z<2.0 and a minimum of 52% of those with the same mass cut at 2.0<z<3.0 are ULIRGs. The average optical/near-IR properties of the massive ERGs at similar redshifts that are identified with ULIRGs and that are not have basically no difference, suggesting that both populations contain the same kind of objects in different phases of their lives. LIRGs and ULIRGs have an important role in galaxy evolution and mass assembly, and, although they are only able to trace a fraction of the massive (M>1x1011 Msun) galaxies present in the Universe at a given time, this fraction becomes very significant (>50%) at redshifts z>~2.
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