Can Galactic Cosmic Rays Account for Solar 6Li Without Overproducing Gamma Rays?

Abstract

Cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar gas produces both 6Li, which accumulates in the interstellar medium (ISM), and $π^0$ mesons, which decay to gamma-rays which propagate throughout the cosmos. Local 6Li abundances and extragalactic gamma-rays thus have a common origin which tightly links them. We exploit this connection to use gamma-ray observations to infer the contribution to 6Li nucleosynthesis by standard Galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) interactions with the ISM. Our calculation uses a carefully propagated cosmic-ray spectrum and accounts for 6Li production from both fusion reactions ($αα\to ^6Li$) as well as from spallation channels (${p,α+CNO \to ^6Li$). We find that although extreme assumptions yield a consistent picture, more realistic ones indicate that solar 6Li cannot be produced by standard GCRs alone without overproducing the hadronic gamma rays. Implications for the primordial 6Li production by decaying dark matter and cosmic rays from cosmological structure formation are discussed. Upcoming gamma-ray observations by GLAST will be crucial for determining the resolution of this problem.