Detecting Irregular Orbits in Gravitational N-body Simulations

Abstract

We present a qualitative diagnostic based on the continuous wavelet transform, for the detection of irregular behavior in time series of particle simulations. We apply the method to three qualitatively different gravitational 3-body encounters. The intrinsic irregular behavior of these encounters is well reproduced by the presented method, and we show that the method accurately identifies the irregular regime in these encounters. We also provide an instantaneous quantification for the degree of irregularity in these simulations. Furthermore we demonstrate how the method can be used to analyze larger systems by applying it to simulations with 100-particles. It turns out that the number of stars on irregular orbits is systematically larger for clusters in which all stars have the same mass compared to a multimass system. The proposed method provides a quick and sufficiently accurate diagnostic for identifying stars on irregular orbits in large scale N-body simulations.