Liquid-Solid Phase Transition of the System with Two particles in a Rectangular Box

Abstract

We study the statistical properties of two hard spheres in a two dimensional rectangular box. In this system, the relation like Van der Waals equation loop is obtained between the width of the box and the pressure working on side walls. The auto-correlation function of each particle's position is calculated numerically. By this calculation near the critical width, the time at which the correlation become zero gets longer according to the increase of the height of the box. Moreover, fast and slow relaxation processes like $α$ and $β$ relaxations observed in supper cooled liquid are observed when the height of the box is sufficiently large. These relaxation processes are discussed with the probability distribution of relative position of two particles.