A Quantum Fluctuation Theorem
Jorge Kurchan
Abstract
We consider a quantum system strongly driven by forces that are periodic in time. The theorem concerns the probability P(e) of observing a given energy change e after a number of cycles. If the system is thermostated by a (quantum) thermal bath, e is the total amount of energy transferred to the bath, while for an isolated system e is the increase in energy of the system itself. Then, we show that P(e)/P(-e)=eβe, a parameter-free, model-independent relation.
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