Interlayer Exchange Interactions, SU(4) Soft Waves and Skyrmions in Bilayer Quantum Hall Ferromagnets
Z. F. Ezawa, K. Hasebe
Abstract
The Coulomb exchange interaction is the driving force for quantum coherence in quantum Hall systems. We construct a microscopic Landau-site Hamiltonian for the exchange interaction in bilayer quantum Hall ferromagnets, which is characterized by the SU(4) isospin structure. By taking a continuous limit, the Hamiltonian gives rise to the SU(4) nonlinear sigma model in the von-Neumann-lattice formulation. The ground-state energy is evaluated at filling factors ν=1,2,3,4. It is shown at ν=1 that there are 3 independent soft waves, where only one soft wave is responsible for the coherent tunneling of electrons between the two layers. It is also shown at ν=1 that there are 3 independent skyrmion states apart from the translational degree of freedom. They are CP3 skyrmions enjoying the spin-charge entanglement confined within the .
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