Spontaneous magnetization and Hall effect in superconductors with broken time-reversal symmetry

Abstract

Broken time reversal symmetry (BTRS) in d wave superconductors is studied and is shown to yield current carrying surface states. The corresponding spontaneous magnetization is temperature independent near the critical temperature Tc for weak BTRS, in accord with recent data. For strong BTRS and thin films we expect a temperature dependent spontaneous magnetization with a paramagnetic anomaly near Tc. The Hall conductance is found to vanish at zero wavevector q and finite frequency w, however at finite q,w it has an unusual structure.