Ferromagnetism of 3He Films in the Low Field Limit
Abstract
We provide evidence for a finite temperature ferromagnetic transition in 2-dimensions as H 0 in thin films of 3He on graphite, a model system for the study of two-dimensional magnetism. We perform pulsed and CW NMR experiments at fields of 0.03 - 0.48 mT on 3He at areal densities of 20.5 - 24.2 atoms/nm2. At these densities, the second layer of 3He has a strongly ferromagnetic tendency. With decreasing temperature, we find a rapid onset of magnetization that becomes independent of the applied field at temperatures in the vicinity of 1 mK. Both the dipolar field and the NMR linewidth grow rapidly as well, which is consistent with a large (order unity) polarization of the 3He spins.
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