Continuous quantum measurement of a Bose-Einstein condensate: a stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation
Abstract
We analyze the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate undergoing a continuous dispersive imaging by using a Lindblad operator formalism. Continuous strong measurements drive the condensate out of the coherent state description assumed within the Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field approach. Continuous weak measurements allow instead to replace, for timescales short enough, the exact problem with its mean-field approximation through a stochastic analogue of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The latter is used to show the unwinding of a dark soliton undergoing a continuous imaging.
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