Self-organized random walks and stochastic sandpile: From linear to branched avalanches

Abstract

In a model of self-organized criticality unstable sites discharge to just one of their neighbors. For constant discharge ratio $\alpha$ and for a certain range of values of the input energy, avalanches are simple branchless P\'olya random walks, and their scaling properties can be derived exactly. If $\alpha$ fluctuates widely enough, avalanches become branched, due to multiple discharges, and behave like those of the stochastic sandpile. At the threshold for branched behaviour, peculiar scaling and anomalous diffusive transport are observed.