Impact of the Casimir-Polder Potential and Johnson Noise on Bose-Einstein Condensate Stability near Surfaces

Abstract

We investigate the stability of magnetically trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensates and thermal clouds near the transition temperature at small distances 0.5 microns < d < 10 microns from a microfabricated silicon chip. For a 2 microns thick copper film the trap lifetime is limited by Johnson-noise induced currents and falls below 1 s at a distance of 4 microns. A dielectric surface does not adversely affect the sample until the attractive Casimir-Polder potential significantly reduces the trap depth.