Dielectric photonic crystal as medium with negative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability

Abstract

We show that a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) made from a non-magnetic dielectric is a left-handed material in the sense defined by Veselago. Namely, it has negative values of both the electric permittivity $ε$ and the magnetic permeability $μ$ in some frequency range. This follows from a recently proven general theorem. The negative values of $ε$ and $μ$ are found by a numerical simulation. Using these values we demonstrate the Veselago lens, a unique optical device predicted by Veselago. An approximate analytical theory is proposed to calculate the values of $ε$ and $μ$ from the PC band structure. It gives the results that are close to those obtained by the numerical simulation. The theory explains how a non-zero magnetization arises in a non-magnetic PC.