Soft modes in the easy plane pyrochlore antiferromagnet

Abstract

Thermal fluctuations lift the high ground state degeneracy of the classical nearest neighbour pyrochlore antiferromagnet, with easy plane anisotropy, giving a first order phase transition to a long range ordered state. We show, from spin wave analysis and numerical simulation, that even below this transition a continuous manifold of states, of dimension N^{2/3} exist (N is the number of degrees of freedom). As the temperature goes to zero a further `order by disorder' selection is made from this manifold. The pyrochlore antiferromagnet Er_2Ti_2O_7, is believed to have an easy plane anisotropy and is reported to have the same magnetic structure. The latter is perhaps surprising, given that the dipole interaction lifts the degeneracy of the classical model in favour of a different structure. We interpret our results in the light of these facts.