Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates with anharmonic confinement
A. D. Jackson, G. M. Kavoulakis
Abstract
We examine an effectively repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate of atoms, that rotates in a quadratic-plus-quartic trapping potential. We investigate the phase diagram of the system as a function of the angular frequency of rotation and of the coupling constant, demonstrating that there are phase transitions between multiply- and singly-quantized vortex states. The derived phase diagram is shown to be universal and exact in the limits of small anharmonicity and weak coupling constant.
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