Electrochemical De-intercalation, Oxygen Non-stoichiometry, and Crystal Growth of NaxCoO2-d
F. C. Chou, E. T. Abel, J. H. Cho, Y. S. Lee
Abstract
We report a detailed study of de-intercalation of Na from the compound NaxCoO2-d using an electrochemical technique. We find evidence for stable phases with Na contents near the fractions ~1/3, 1/2, 5/8, 2/3, and 3/4. Details regarding the floating-zone crystal growth of Na0.75CoO2 single crystals are discussed as well as results from magnetic susceptibility measurements. We observe the presence of significant oxygen deficiencies in powder samples of Na0.75CoO2-d prepared in air, but not in single crystal samples prepared in an oxygen atmosphere. The oxygen deficiencies in a Na0.75CoO2-d sample with d ~ 0.08 remain even after electrochemically de-intercalating to Na0.3CoO2-d.
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