Correlations and Counting Statistics of an Atom Laser
Anton Öttl, Stephan Ritter, Michael Köhl, Tilman Esslinger
Abstract
We demonstrate time-resolved counting of single atoms extracted from a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of 87Rb atoms. The atoms are detected with a high-finesse optical cavity and single atom transits are identified. An atom laser beam is formed by continuously output coupling atoms from the Bose-Einstein condensate. We investigate the full counting statistics of this beam and measure its second order correlation function g(2)(τ) in a Hanbury Brown and Twiss type experiment. For the monoenergetic atom laser we observe a constant correlation function g(2)(τ)=1.000.01 and an atom number distribution close to a Poissonian statistics. A pseudo-thermal atomic beam shows a bunching behavior and a Bose distributed counting statistics.
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