Phase diagram of two dimensional electron gas in a perpendicular magnetic field around Landau level filling factors \nu=1 and \nu=3

Abstract

The measured melting curve $T_{m}(\nu)$ between the crystal and liquid phases is analyzed using thermodynamics to extract the change of magnetization $\Delta M$ as a function of the Landau level filling factor \ $\nu,$ near $\nu=1$. \ An explanation of $\Delta M$($\nu)$ is proposed \ in terms of Skyrmions. \ Near $\nu=3$, a Wigner crystal is the most probable solid phase, experiments excluding Skyrmions.