Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid in a Quasi-One-Dimensional S=1 Antiferromagnet Observed by the Specific Heat
Abstract
Specific heat experiments on single crystals of the S=1 quasi-one-dimensional bond-alternating antiferromagnet Ni(C9H24N4)(NO2)ClO4, alias NTENP, have been performed in magnetic fields applied both parallel and perpendicular to the spin chains. We have found for the parallel field configuration that the magnetic specific heat (Cmag) is proportional to temperature (T) above a critical field Hc, at which the energy gap vanishes, in a temperature region above that of the long-range ordered state. The ratio Cmag/T increases as the magnetic field approaches Hc from above. The data are in good quantitative agreement with the prediction of the c=1 conformal field theory in conjunction with the velocity of the excitations calculated by a numerical diagonalization, providing a conclusive evidence for a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid.
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