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A microscopic theory of photonucleation: Density functional approach for the properties of a fluid of two-level atoms, a part of which is excited

Oleg Derzhko, Vasyl Myhal

cond-mat.softarXiv:cond-mat/0610152

Abstract

We use the density functional method to examine the properties of the nonuniform (two-phase) fluid of two-level atoms, a part of which is excited. Basing on the analysis of the equation of state of a gas of two-level atoms, a part of which is excited, we suggest a simple density functional of the grand thermodynamical potential. We use the proposed density functional of the grand thermodynamical potential to calculate the nucleation barrier for vapor-to-liquid phase transition in the presence of excited atoms.

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