Universal Scaling Behavior of Anomalous Hall Effect and Anomalous Nernst Effect in Itinerant Ferromagnets

Abstract

Anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in a variety of ferromagnetic metals including pure metals, oxides, and chalcogenides, are studied to obtain unified understandings of their origins. We show a universal scaling behavior of anomalous Hall conductivity $\sigma_{xy}$ as a function of longitudinal conductivity $\sigma_{xx}$ over five orders of magnitude, which is well explained by a recent theory of the AHE taking into account both the intrinsic and extrinsic contributions. ANE is closely related with AHE and provides us with further information about the low-temperature electronic state of itinerant ferromagnets. Temperature dependence of transverse Peltier coefficient $\alpha_{xy}$ shows an almost similar behavior among various ferromagnets, and this behavior is in good agreement quantitatively with that expected from the Mott rule.