Scaling properties of the ferromagnetic state in the Hubbard model

Abstract

A numerical scaling analysis is used to show that Nagaoka's ferromagnetic state in two-dimensional Hubbard model with one hole is supersede by an antiferromagnetic (AF) state with a discontinuous jump in the total spin due to the AF coupling as the Hubbard $U$ is made finite. The same applies to the two-hole system, which has a spiral spin structure. We can show, via the scaling, that the crossover to an AF state is a precursor of a pathological coalescence of states having the minimum spin and Nagaoka's state at $U=\infty$ in the thermodynamic limit.