Theory for the electromigration wind force in dilute alloys
J. P. Dekker, A. Lodder, J. van Ek
Abstract
A multiple scattering formulation for the electromigration wind force on atoms in dilute alloys is developed. The theory describes electromigration via a vacancy mechanism. The method is used to calculate the wind valence for electromigration in various host metals having a close-packed lattice structure, namely aluminum, the noble metals copper, silver and gold and the 4d transition metals. The self-electromigration results for aluminum and the noble metals compare well with experimental data. For the 4d metals small wind valences are found, which make these metals attractive candidates for the experimental study of the direct valence.
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