Universal behaviors in granular flows and traffic flows
Abstract
We review the current understanding on universal behaviors in granular flows through a vertical pipe and traffic flows. We carry out weakly nonlinear analysis of a model for traffic flows based on the technique of soliton perturbations, and determine the selected propagating velocity, the amplitude, the width of interfaces connecting between jam phase and non-jam phase. From the direct simulation of the model, we have confirmed the validity of our theoretical analysis. We also introduce a model for granular pipe flow supplemented by the white noise, which reproduces P(f) f-4/3, where P(f) is the power spectrum in the frequency f.
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