Magnetic Properties of a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Abstract
Three hyperfine states of Bose-condensed sodium atoms, recently optically trapped, can be described as a spin-1 Bose gas. We study the behaviour of this system in a magnetic field, and construct the phase diagram, where the temperature of the Bose condensation TBEC increases with magnetic field. In particular the system is ferromagnetic below TBEC and the magnetization is proportional to the condensate fraction in a vanishing magnetic field. Second derivatives of the magnetisation with regard to temperature or magnetic field are discontinuous along the phase boundary.
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