Linear Secret Sharing from Algebraic-Geometric Codes

Abstract

It is well-known that the linear secret-sharing scheme (LSSS) can be constructed from linear error-correcting codes (Brickell [1], R.J. McEliece and D.V.Sarwate [2],Cramer, el.,[3]). The theory of linear codes from algebraic-geometric curves (algebraic-geometric (AG) codes or geometric Goppa code) has been well-developed since the work of V.Goppa and Tsfasman, Vladut, and Zink(see [17], [18] and [19]). In this paper the linear secret-sharing scheme from algebraic-geometric codes, which are non-threshold scheme for curves of genus greater than 0, are presented . We analysis the minimal access structure, $d_{min}$ and $d_{cheat}$([8]), (strongly) multiplicativity and the applications in verifiable secret-sharing (VSS) scheme and secure multi-party computation (MPC) of this construction([3] and [10-11]). Our construction also offers many examples of the self-dually $GF(q)$-representable matroids and many examples of new ideal linear secret-sharing schemes addressing to the problem of the characterization of the access structures for ideal secret-sharing schemes([3] and [9]). The access structures of the linear secret-sharing schemes from the codes on elliptic curves are given explicitly. From the work in this paper we can see that the algebraic-geometric structure of the underlying algebraic curves is an important resource for secret-sharing, matroid theory, verifiable secret-sharing and secure multi-party computation.