Bianchi type I universe with viscous fluid: A qualitative analysis

Abstract

The nature of cosmological solutions for a homogeneous, anisotropic Universe given by a Bianchi type-I (BI) model in the presence of a Cosmological constant $Λ$ is investigated by taking into account dissipative process due to viscosity. The system in question is thoroughly studied both analytically and numerically. It is shown the viscosity, as well as the $Λ$ term exhibit essential influence on the character of the solutions. In particular a negative $Λ$ gives rise to an ever-expanding Universe, whereas, a suitable choice of initial conditions plus a positive $Λ$ can result in a singularity-free oscillatory mode of expansion. For some special cases it is possible to obtain oscillations in the exponential mode of expansion of the BI model even with a negative $Λ$, where oscillations arise by virtue of viscosity.