Global Vortex and Black Cosmic String

Abstract

We study global vortices coupled to (2+1) dimensional gravity with negative cosmological constant. We found nonsingular vortex solutions in $ϕ^4$-theory with a broken U(1) symmetry, of which the spacetimes do not involve physical curvature singularity. When the magnitude of negative cosmological constant is larger than a critical value at a given symmetry breaking scale, the spacetime structure is a regular hyperbola, however it becomes a charged black hole when the magnitude of cosmological constant is less than the critical value. We explain through duality transformation the reason why static global vortex which is electrically neutral forms black hole with electric charge. Under the present experimental bound of the cosmological constant, implications on cosmology as a straight black cosmic string is also discussed in comparison with global U(1) cosmic string in the spacetime of the zero cosmological constant.