Fermion propagator in a nontrivial background field
Michael Joyce, Kimmo Kainulainen, Tomislav Prokopec
Abstract
We study the fermion propagator in a spatially varying classical background field, and show that, contrary to common wisdom, it may get nontrivial gradient corrections already at the first order in derivative expansion. This occurs whenever the fermion self-energy acquires a spatially (or temporally) varying pseudoscalar term, a simple example of which is given by a complex mass term m(x)= mR + i gamma5 mI. Such effective mass terms arise for example in extensions of the Standard Model during the electroweak transition, and they are crucial in providing the CP-violation necessary for electroweak baryogenesis.
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