Infrared behavior of the running coupling constant and bound states in QCD

Abstract

The perturbative expression of the running strong coupling constant α_{\rm s}(Q^{2}) has an unphysical singularity for Q^{2} = Λ^{2}_{\rm QCD}. Various modification have been proposed for the infrared region. The effect of some of such proposals on the quark-antiquark spectrum is tested on a Bethe-Salpeter (second order) formalism which was successfully applied in previous papers to an overall evaluation of the spectrum in the light-light, light-heavy and heavy-heavy sectors (the only serious discrepancy with data being for the light pseudoscalar meson masses). In this paper only the {\rm c} \bar{\rm c}, {\rm b} \bar{\rm b} and {\rm q} \bar{\rm q} (q = u or d) cases are considered and fine structure is neglected. It is found that in the {\rm b} \bar{\rm b} and {\rm c} \bar{\rm c} cases the results are little sensitive to the specific choice. In the light-light case the Dokshitzer et al. prescription is again essentially equivalent to the truncation prescription used in the previous calculation and it is consistent with the same a priori fixing of the quark light masses on the typical current values m_{\rm u} = m_{\rm d} = 10 MeV (only the pion mass resulting completely out of scale of about 500 MeV). With the Shirkov-Solovtsov prescription, on the contrary, a reasonable agreement with the data is obtained only at the price of using a phenomenological momentum dependent effective mass for the quark. The use of such an effective mass should amount to a correction of the free quark propagator. It is remarkable that this has also the effect of bringing the pion mass in the correct range.