Electromagnetic polarizabilities of the nucleon and properties of the $σ$-meson pole contribution

Abstract

The $t$-channel contribution to the difference of electromagnetic polarizabilities of the nucleon, $(α-β)^t$, can be quantitatively understood in terms of a $σ$-meson pole in the complex $t$-plane of the invariant scattering amplitude $A_1(s,t)$ with properties of the $σ$ meson as given by the quark-level Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model (NJL). Equivalently, this quantity may be understood in terms of a cut in the complex $t$-plane where the properties of the $σ$ meson are taken from the $ππ-> σ-> ππ$, $γγ-> σ-> ππ$ and $N\bar{N} -> σ-> ππ$ reactions. This equivalence may be understood as a sum rule where the properties of the $σ$ meson as predicted by the NJL model are related to the $f_0(600)$ particle observed in the three reactions. In the following we describe details of the derivation of $(α-β)^t$ making use of predictions of the quark-level NJL model for the $σ$-meson mass.