Cosmic balloons
Abstract
Cosmic balloons, consisting of relativistic particles trapped inside a spherical domain wall, may be created in the early universe. We calculate the balloon mass M as a function of the radius R and the energy density profile, (r), including the effects of gravity. At the maximum balloon mass 2GM/R≈ 0.52 for any value of the mass density of the wall.
0
Turn this paper into a full lesson
ArcXiv compiles a staged curriculum from this paper: 8-12 lessons across beginner → advanced, synthesised section guides, visuals, flashcards, a quiz, exercises, and on-demand deep dives per section. Grounded in the abstract, never invented.