Dual Higgs Mechanism for Quarks in Hadrons

Abstract

We study nonperturbative features of QCD using the dual Ginzburg-Landau (DGL) theory, where the color confinement is realized through the dual Higgs mechanism brought by QCD-monopole condensation. The linear confinement potential appears in the QCD-monopole condensed vacuum. We study the infrared screening effect to the confinement potential by the light-quark pair creation, and derive a compact formula for the screened quark potential. We study the dynamical chiral-symmetry breaking (D$χ$SB) in the DGL theory by solving the Schwinger-Dyson equation. QCD-monopole condensation plays an essential role to D$χ$SB. The QCD phase transition at finite temperature is studied using the effective potential formalism in the DGL theory. We find the reduction of QCD-monopole condensation and the string tension at high temperatures. The surface tension is calculated using the effective potential at the critical temperature. The DGL theory predicts a large mass reduction of glueballs near the critical temperature. We apply the DGL theory to the quark-gluon-plasma (QGP) physics in the ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We propose a new scenario of the QGP formation via the annihilation of color-electric flux tubes based on the attractive force between them.