Realistic SUSY model with four fermion families, natural R parity and $ν_τ$ in the eV Range

Abstract

We study an extension of the supersymmetric standard model with four families and gauged horizontal symmetry $SU(4)_H$, in which R parity automatically follows as a consequence of gauge invariance and of the field content of the model. Beyond ensuring R parity conservation, the horizontal symmetry allows for the dynamical generation of a hierarchical pattern of fermion masses, without the need of any ad hoc choice of small Yukawa couplings. The structure of the mass matrices implies that the fourth family does not mix with the other three, and that the $b',t',τ',ν'$ masses are all naturally in the 100 GeV range. The model has other interesting phenomenological implications. The scale of the horizontal symmetry breaking is constrained by cosmological and astrophysical arguments to be $\sim 10^{11}$ GeV. Then the late $b'$ decays could explain a magnitude of the isotropic cosmic gamma flux. In addition, a lower bound of a few eV is found for the mass of the $τ$-neutrino, which can thus provide a hot component for the cosmological dark matter. Due to R parity conservation, the lightest supersymmetric particle is stable and can provide the cold component. The $ν_e$ and $ν_μ$ masses can naturally be in the correct ranges for a solution of the solar or atmospheric neutrino problems via neutrino oscillations.