Dynamical Symmetry Breaking and Magnetic Confinement in QCD

Abstract

We present a gauge independent method to construct the effective action of QCD, and calculate the one loop effective action of $SU(2)$ QCD in an arbitrary constant background field. Our result establishes the existence of a dynamical symmetry breaking by demonstrating that the effective potential develops a unique and stable vacuum made of the monopole condensation in one loop approximation. This provides a strong evidence for the magnetic confinement of color through the dual Meissner effect in the non-Abelian gauge theory. The result is obtained by separating the topological degrees which describe the non-Abelian monopoles from the dynamical degrees of the gauge potential, and integrating out all the dynamical degrees of QCD. We present three independent arguments to support our result.