On gauge theories for non-semisimple groups

Abstract

We consider analogs of Yang-Mills theories for non-semisimple real Lie algebras which admit invariant non-degenerate metrics. These 4-dimensional theories have many similarities with corresponding WZW models in 2 dimensions and Chern-Simons theories in 3 dimensions. In particular, the quantum effective action contains only 1-loop term with the divergent part that can be eliminated by a field redefinition. The on-shell scattering amplitudes are thus finite (scale invariant). This is a consequence of the presence of a null direction in the field space metric: one of the field components is a Lagrange multiplier which `freezes out' quantum fluctuations of the `conjugate' field. The non-positivity of the metric implies that these theories are apparently non-unitary. However, the special structure of interaction terms (degenerate compared to non-compact YM theories) suggests that there may exist a unitary `truncation'. We discuss in detail the simplest theory based on 4-dimensional algebra E^c_2. The quantum part of its effective action is expressed in terms of 1-loop effective action of SU(2) gauge theory. The E^c_2 model can be also described as a special limit of SU(2) x U(1) YM theory with decoupled ghost-like U(1) field.