Counting non-isomorphic maximal independent sets of the n-cycle graph
Raymond Bisdorff, Jean-Luc Marichal
Abstract
The number of maximal independent sets of the n-cycle graph Cn is known to be the nth term of the Perrin sequence. The action of the automorphism group of Cn on the family of these maximal independent sets partitions this family into disjoint orbits, which represent the non-isomorphic (i.e., defined up to a rotation and a reflection) maximal independent sets. We provide exact formulas for the total number of orbits and the number of orbits having a given number of isomorphic representatives. We also provide exact formulas for the total number of unlabeled (i.e., defined up to a rotation) maximal independent sets and the number of unlabeled maximal independent sets having a given number of isomorphic representatives. It turns out that these formulas involve both Perrin and Padovan sequences.
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