Special Functions of the Isomonodromy Type, Rational Transformations of Spectral Parameter, and Algebraic Solutions of the Sixth Painlev\'e Equation

Abstract

We discuss relations which exist between analytic functions belonging to the recently introduced class of special functions of the isomonodromy type (SFITs). These relations can be obtained by application of some simple transformations to auxiliary ODEs with respect to a spectral parameter which associated with each SFIT. We consider two applications of rational transformations of the spectral parameter in the theory of SFITs. One of the most striking applications which is considered here is an explicit construction of algebraic solutions of the sixth Painlev\'e equation.