On Cooper Pairing in Finite Fermi Systems

Abstract

In order to analyse the role of the quasiparticle-phonon interaction in the origin of nuclear gap, we applied an approach which is similar to the Eliashberg theory for usual superconductors. We obtained that the averaged contribution of the quasiparticle-phonon mechanism to the observed value of the pairing gap for $^{120}$Sn is 26% and the BCS-type mechanism gives 74% . Thus, pairing is of a mixed nature at least in semi-magic nuclei -- it is due to the quasiparticle-phonon and BCS mechanisms, the first one being mainly a surface mechanism and the second one mainly a volume mechanism. The calculations of the strength distribution for the odd-mass nuclei $^{119}Sn$ and $^{121}Sn$ have shown that the quasiparticle-phonon mechanism mainly improves the description of the observed spectroscopic factors in these nuclei. For the case of nuclei with pairing in both proton and neutron systems it is necessary to go beyond the Eliashberg-Migdal approximations and include the vertex correction graphs in addition to the rainbow ones. The estimations for spectroscopic factors performed within a three-level model have shown that the contribution of the vertex correction graphs was rather noticeable.