Short-Lived Phi Mesons

Abstract

We use effective hadronic field theory to study in-medium properties of the $\phi$ meson. The dominant decay channels $\phi\toK^{+}K^{-}$ and $\phi\to\pi\rho$ are modeled using an SU(3) chiral Lagrangian with normal and abnormal parities. The $\phi$ self-energy is approximated to one-, two-, and even three-loop order in the strong coupling. Effects of modified spectral functions for $\pi$, $K$, $\rho$ and $\phi$ are also included in the calculation. This allows us to study in-medium decay of phi mesons into (in-medium) kaon-pair daughters and (in-medium) $\pi\rho$ pairs. The results point to the possibility of rather short-lived $\phi$'s, short enough to decay inside the fireball in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Implications relevant for the NA49 and NA50 experimental results, recently dubbed the ``$\phi$ puzzle'', are discussed.