Elliptic flow and incomplete equilibration at RHIC
R. S. Bhalerao, J. -P. Blaizot, N. Borghini, J. -Y. Ollitrault
Abstract
We argue that RHIC data, in particular those on the anisotropic flow coefficients v2 and v4, suggest that the matter produced in the early stages of nucleus-nucleus collisions is incompletely thermalized. We interpret the parameter (1/S)(dN/dy), where S is the transverse area of the collision zone and dN/dy the multiplicity density, as an indicator of the number of collisions per particle at the time when elliptic flow is established, and hence as a measure of the degree of equilibration. This number serves as a control parameter which can be varied experimentally by changing the system size, the centrality of the collision, or the beam energy. We provide predictions for Cu-Cu collisions at RHIC as well as for Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC.
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