Strangeness Production in the HSD Transport Approach from SIS to SPS energies

Abstract

We study systematically the production of strangeness in nuclear reactions from SIS to SPS energies within the covariant hadronic transport approach HSD. Whereas the proton and pion rapidity distributions as well as pion transverse momentum spectra are well described in the hadronic transport model from 2-200 AGeV, the $K^+$ and $K^-$ spectra are noticeably underestimated at AGS energies while the $K^+$ spectra match well at SIS and SPS energies with the experimental data. We conclude that the failure of the hadronic model at AGS energies points towards a nonhadronic phase during the collision of heavy systems around 10 AGeV.