Nonlinear Dynamics of a Single Ferrofluid-Peak in an Oscillating Magnetic Field

Abstract

If a magnetic field normal to the surface of a magnetic fluid is increased beyond a critical value a spontaneous deformation of the surface arises (normal field instability). The instability is subcritical and leads to peaks of a characteristic shape. We investigate the neighborhood of this instability experimentally under the influence of a temporal modulation of the magnetic field. We use a small vessel, where only one peak arises. The modulation can either be stabilizing or destabilizing, depending on the frequency and amplitude. We observe a cascade of odd-numbered response-periods up to period 11, and also a domain of even-numbered periods. We propose a minimal model involving a cutoff-condition which captures the essence of the experimental observations. PACS: 47.20.-k, 47.20.Ky, 75.50.Mm Keywords: magnetic fluid; nonlinear oscillator; subharmonic response; surface instability;