Quantum cloning of orthogonal qubits
Abstract
An optimal universal cloning transformation is derived that produces M copies of an unknown qubit from a pair of orthogonal qubits. For M>6, the corresponding cloning fidelity is higher than that of the optimal copying of a pair of identical qubits. It is shown that this cloning transformation can be implemented probabilistically via parametric down-conversion by feeding the signal and idler modes of a nonlinear crystal with orthogonally polarized photons.
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