Non-Hamiltonian Nature of Low Energy Nucleon Dynamics in an Effective Field Theory

Abstract

Problems connected with non-Hamiltonian nature of low energy nucleon dynamics in the effective field theory (EFT) of nuclear forces is investigated by using the formalism of the generalized quantum dynamics (GQD) developed in [J. Phys. A, 5657 (1999)]. This formalism is based on a generalized dynamical equation derived as the most general equation of motion consistent with the current concepts of quantum physics. By using the example of the EFT of nuclear forces, we demonstrate that a theory, which, being formulated in terms of Hamiltonian formalism, leads to ultraviolet divergences, may manifest itself as a perfectly consistent theory free from infinities, if it is considered from the more general point of view provided by the GQD. We show that non-Hamiltonian character of nucleon dynamics gives rise to some new problems connected with discontinuity of the evolution operator. This discontinuity results in the fact that the Hilbert space of nucleon states cannot be realized in the standard way. A space which allows one to realize, in a natural way, the Hilbert space of nucleon states is investigated. The structure of this space reflects the existence of the high energy degrees of freedom which affect on low energy nucleon dynamics.